Means for determining the positions of points from their coördinates.



E. R. CLARKE. MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE POSITIONS OF POINTS FROM THEIRCOUBDINATES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 15, 1913.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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E. R. CLARKE. MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE POSITIONS OF POINTS FROM THEIRGOO'RDINATBS. APPLICATION FILED SIBYT. 15, 1913.

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E R. CLARKE. MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE POSITIONS 0? POINTS FROM THEIRGOURDINATBS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPTII S, 1913.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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E. R. CLARKE. NG THE POSITIONS 0? POINTS FROM THEIR O'OOTRDINATBS.APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 15 1913.

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E. R. CLARKE. MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE POSITIONS 0? POINTS PROM THEIRGO'GBDINATES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 15, 1913.

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Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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"UNITED STATES PATENT onnion.

EDWARD missnLL CLARKE, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE AUTOKALSYNDICATE LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE POSITIONS 01 POINTS FIR-OM THEIR GOORDIN-ATES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

Application filed September 15, 1913. Serial No. 789,956.

To all whom it may cmwern i l the product table.

Fig. 8 shows another Be it known that I, Enwnnn Rnssnm. 5 formof'product table. Fig. 9 is a plan of CLARKE, a subject of the King ofEngland. and residing at'London, in England. have invented a certain newand useful. Means for Determining the Positions of Points from theirCoiirdinates, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to an improved means for determining thepositions of points from their coordinates applicable also for use ineffecting multiplication, in type casting machinery and the like.

According to this invention the position of a point is determined bycoordinating a member in directions 00 and y by means of asingle row ofstops or their equivalent in conjunction with a member which iscontrolled so thatit can move parallel to itself and is provided with'guides or the like which are respectively parallel to the directions a1and 3 and are adapted to embrace or engage any one or pair of stopsselected from the single row. It is possible by this invention toposition a body either at a point which may be designated a y or apoint. which may be designated 1 1 The two directions may make any anglewith one another but in most cases they will be at right angles"and itis with reference to coordination at. right angles by means of .1 singlemovable member and where the any position is identical with the ya:position that the invention will. be more particularly described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an illustration of positionsascertained by coordination in directions at right angles andillustrative of the evolution of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows-thepositions in Fig. 1 which can be obtained accord ing to the presentinvention. Fig- 3 illustrates in plan a plate constructed in accordancewith this invention for use with the table of positions illustrated inFig. 2. Fig. +L illustrates a product table for use with the deviceillustrated in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan of a simple form of calculatingmachine whereby multiplication can be performed in accordance with thisinvention. Fig. 6 is a sectional end view of the appa- 5 the sectionbeing taken on the line 6+6 in that figure. Fig. 7 illus trates amodification in the disposition of l l l l l bers.

In this inventionlthe desired position is ascertained by coordinating amember in directions designated a" and 1 so that the my position isidentical with the 7 position this coordination being efiected by meansof a single row of stops or their equivalent any one or a pair of whichcan be selected and caused to engage or be embraced by a pair of guidesor the like which are respectively parallel to the directions a: and yand are disposed on the member to be coordinated which is so controlledthat it can move parallel to itself. One or more representations of thevalues or products corresponding to the position ascertainable and oneor more corresponding devices for ascertaining or showing these positionvalues or products are so disposed as to be relatively movable as and inconformity with the movements of the member with relation to the stop orstops set up.

Referring by way of example to Fig. 1 the coordinate m has any valuefrom 0 to 9 and the coordinate 1 has any value from 0 to 9 but it is tobe clearly understood that there is no limit to the number of valueswhich can be assigned to each of these coordinates. Let OX and OY be theaxes of the coordinates. It will be seen that there are a hundredpositions namely: 00, 01, 02, O3, up to 09;10,11,12,'13,. ..up to 19;20, 21, 22, 23, up to 29, and so on up to 90, 91. 92, 93, up to 99. Ifnow adiagonal line ()A be drawn through the positions 00, 11, 22. 33 itwill be seen that there is a certain symmetry with regard to thepositions in Fig. 1 which lie on either the other side of the diagonal,these 01 1 and ya; positions being symmetrical with regard to thediagonal. The coordination obtained by the present invention only givespositions situated on the diagonal or on one side of it so that an myposition is the same as a 3 20 position or to take an example from Fig.1 the 2G position is the same as the (32 position since the 2G and 62positions are symmetrical with reference to the diagonal 0A. In Fig. 2areshown only those positions that can be obtained by the presentmethod, that is to say all the positions on one side of the diagonal OA.A row of stops, pins or equivalent B are arranged on or about the d1-agonal 0A one of these stops B being disposed in the neighborhood ofeach of the diagonal positions 0O, 11, 22 as shown in Fig. 2, thesestops being designated the 0, 1, 2, 3, 9 stops.

The body which is to be coordinated may for example be taken to be afiat plate such as C Fig. 3, which is controlled by suitable means sothat it is free to move in a plane over the surface on which are set outthe positions as shown in Fig. 2, but the body is controlled so that itcan only move parallel to itself. The body C which may be of anyconvenient shape, is provided with an angular opening DEF. The sides DEand EF inclosing this opening are respectively parallel to thedirections 7 and a; in which the body is to be coordinated andconsequently the angle DEF is equal to the angle OYA which, in the caseunder consideration, is a right angle. If now any two of the stops B areset out as for example the stops 2 and 6 and the body G be moved alwaysthrough positions parallel to itself over Fig. 2 until the side ED ofthe pening is in contact with the 2 stop and the side EF is in contactwith the 6 stop the body C will be brought to rest with the sides ED, EFas indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. It will then be found that thevertex E is over the 26 position. Similarly if another pair of stops areset out as for instance stops 3 and 9 the ver' tex E will indicate the39 position. If only one stop is set out such for example as the i stopthe body G will indicate at the vertex E the 44 position the single stopbeing in contact with and embraced by both the sides ED and EF. Thus bythe interaction of a single row of stops and suitable guides such as ED,EF carried by a body such as C which is controlled'so that it can moveparallel to itself and in a plane it is possible to obtain the variouspositions in that plane corresponding to the coordinates of such stop orstops as may be set up.

The invention may be applied with ad vantage to machines for performingthe process of multiplication. Thus for example values can be assignedto the positions designated in Fig. 2 these values being the prodnets ofthe coordinates which are set forth in the manner shown in Fig. 4E andsince the product'wy is the same as the product ya.- it is a greatadvantage that the positions on the other side of the diagonal ()A areneglected owing to the fact that it is only necessary to employ one halfof the multiplication table. If the product table shown in Fig. 4 beused in place of the position table indicated in Fig. 2 and a body suchas C as shown in Fig. 3 be used in the manner described in conjunctionwith the product table Fig. 4. together with a single row of stops B itwill be found that when the body C has been positioned as a result ofsetting up any one or any pair of stops the desired product will beindicated by the vertex E.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a simple apparatus for putting the presentinvention into practice and enabling multiplication to be performed.This apparatus comprises a suitable base G with a plane upper surface onwhich rests the movable member C. A rock shaft H mounted in bearings onbrackets J carries two arms H which project downward through slots oropenings G in the base plate G. The arms l-I bear against the roundededge C of the plate C. Coiled springs H on the shaft H tend to rotatethis shaft so that the arms I-I constantly push the plate-C over theplane surface G main taining the plate C parallel in li'S liiOVfiments.The plate C howewir is free to slide longitudinally across the arms H. Aseries of stops B is disposed in a straight line in a series of openingsin the plate G. Each stop is controlled by a key K through a lever llpivoted at L the arrangement being such that when a key is depressed astop B will be set or thrown up so that it will project from the planesurface (1 into the path of themovable plate C. Suitable means notillustrated in the drawings may be provided to insure that each stop Bwhen set out will remain so until its function has been performed whenthe stop can be witl'idrawn and the key raised in readiness for the nextoperation. The plate C is provided with an angular opening DEF with orembrace any one '01" pair of stops 15 which may be set up. In a suitableposition in the plate C is formed a window through which can be viewedany number in a product or multiplication table Which is placed orinscribed beneath the plate 0 on the base G the product table being inthis case that which is shown in Fig/4:. The plate C is so formed,disposed and movable with reference to the product table that the sidesDE, EF, bounding the angular opening in the plate C, are alwaysrespectively parallel to the axes of the coordinates of the producttable. The fore-edge C of the plate C is parallel to the rear edge C.This forellti v the sides of which form guides or the like adapted tocome n contact edge C bears against suitably formed push blocks Mmounted on a rod M and guided by pins M which pass through guides Mmounted on the base G. A push key N on a rod N projecting from the rod Menables the plate C to be returned to its initial or zero positionthrough the push blocks M which press the plate G back against theaction of the springs which normally impel the-plate C forward throughthe arms H. A catch 0 conveniently spring-controlled engages a notch Nin the rod N when the key N has been pushed right back and the plate Cis in its zero position.

The method of employing the apparatus is as follows: Assuming that it isdesired to ascertain the product of 3X7 the keys K corresponding tothese numbers are depressed and the 3 and 7 stops B are setup. The catch0 is now withdrawn thusreleasing the plate C which is pushed forward bythe springs until the sides DE and EF of the angular opening bearagainst the stoos B that have been set up. .The product 21 can now beread through the window C The key N is next pushed in when the plate Gis restored to its position in readiness for the next operation to beperformed. If the square of a number is to be ascertained a single keycorresponding to that number say 6 is depressed and the 6 stop set up.When the plate G is released it will come to rest with the 6'stop in theangle DEF and the product 36 will appear at the window C From this willappear one important feature in the apparatus namely that a single rowof stops enables the product of. two separate numbers'to be ascertainedand by the depression of a single key and the throwing up of a singlestop only it is possible to ascertain the square of a number.

It will be understood that the apparatus described and illustrated inFigs. 0 and 6 is merely given as an example of a simple means forcarrying out the present invention and various details in this machinemay be added or varied from the apparatus as illustrated.

In place of the product table being mounted on the base G and fixedrelatively to the row of stops B this product table may be disposed onthe movable member C, and some window or equivalent indicator arrangedover the product table and in a fixed position relatively to the stopsB. In this case it is necessary to reverse the relative angulardispositions of the product table and the opening DEF the arrangementthen being as shown in Fig. 7. Further in place of the whole of eachproduct number being disposed in a single table these products may besplit up into two or more tables respectively carrying in their properrelative positions the units, tens, hundreds and so on. Such a splitproduct table is shown in Fig. 8

where the units are shown on the right hand portion of the table whilethe tens appear in the left hand portion.

Instead of setting forth the position or multiplication table as aseries of numbers the position values or products may be repre sented bya series of depressions or projections of varying depths,- heights orlengths. In this case supposing depressions are used the depth of anyone depression is in proportion to the product number which itrepresents. By employing a finger or the like as a means of ascertainingthe value of the position the extent of the depression representing thevalue or product determined may be felt and the desired result therebyascertained and if necessary shown or otherwise utilized in someconvenient manner.

the machine shown in Figs. 5 and 6 inwhich in place of the series ofnumbersrepresenting the position values these values are in members ofvarious dimensions. In this form of the apparatus it will be also notedthat the positions of the tabulated values and the indicator arereversed that is to say whereas int-he construction shown in Figs. 5 and6 the tabulated values are fixed relatively to the stops while theindicator, which in that case is the window or opening C is carried bythe movable member C, in the modified construction the indicator isfixed relatively to the stops B while the table of values is disposed onthe movable member C. Referring to Figs. 9 and 10 it will be seen thaton the underside of the movable plate C there are mounted a series ofdownwardly directed pins 0* each pin having a length which correspondsto the value to be assigned to a certain position which can bedetermined by setting up any one or pair of stops B. In other wordswhere multiplication is being performed each pin C has a For conveniencein graduating the pins C the product table is split into two parts onetable representing units and the other tens as shown and described withreference to Fig. 8. Further in this arrangement the vertex of theproduct table is directed oppositely to the vertex of the angle DEF inthe plate'C as described in connection with Fig. 7.

In order to ascertain the actual value rep- 1 resented by the length ofany pin C, after the plate C has been positioned, a feeler or finger Pis employed. This comprises as l illustrated in Fig. 10, a rod which canslide vertically through a sleeve Q, carried on a bracket Q mounted onthe underside of the i plate G. The pin or feeler P which in ef- ;fectconstitutes an indicator is positioned relatively to the stops B in thesame way as i the indicator window C in the construction lengthcorresponding toa certain product.

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate a modification of I the form of a tabulatedseries of product p shown in Fig. 5 is positioned relatively to thevertex E of the angle in the plate Thus after two stops B for examplehave been set up and the plate 0 has been posltioned there will bepresented over the feeler P a rod C whose length corresponds to theproduct of the figures represented by the stops B which have been setup, and the length of this rod can be measured by the upward movement ofthe feeler P. There is a fceler pin P for each of the series of rods Cconstituting the two tables of values indicated in dotted lines inFig.9. The feeler P may be operated so as to measure the length of theposition rod C in various ways and the product thus ascertained by thefeeler P may be utilized or presented as a visible number by differentmechanisms. A simple and convenient construction however is thatillustrated in Figs. 9 and 10 where the lower end of each feeler pin Prests on the upper side of a lever P pivoted at P and carrying at itsfree end a pointer P On a quadrantal plate P are set forth numberscorresponding to the values assigned to the different lengths of therods (3*. Each lever P tends to be drawn upwardly by a. spring P butboth levers P together with their feeler p-in P can be moved downwardlyand retained in their lowest or zero positions by means of a rod R whichlies across the upper sides of the levers P and can be moved downward bypressing on a thumb piece R disposed on the end of an upright member orvarm R \Vhen the rod R is pressed downward through the thumb piece B itis retained in its depressed position by means of atooth R whichprojects laterally from the vertical arm R and will engage the edge ofthe plate G at the opening in this plate through which the arm {2passes. A spring R tends to push the arm R in a direction such as tocause the tooth R to thus engage the plate G and hold the rod depressed.By pushing the thumb piece or key R toward the front of the machine thetooth R will be disengaged and the rod R released with the result thatthe levers P will rise to the extent permitted by the feelers P as theyfeel the lengths of the rods C presented to them. Each pointer P willthusmove until it stops over or opposite the member corresponding to thevalue of the positioned rod C the length of which has been felt. Thismachine is operated in much the same way as that illustrated in Figs. 5and 6. One or a pair of keys are depressed thus setting up a stop orstops B and then the plate C is positioned in the manner alreadydescribed. The

thumb piece R is then manipulated so as to release the rod R and freethe feelers P and their levers B when the product will be ascertainedand indicated on the scales P by the pointers P The moving member neednot necessarily be uniplanar but may take a cylindrical form capable ofmoving axially and also of rotating. In this case the multiplication orposition'value table will consist of a series of radial heights anddepths of the necessary extent and in the required positions. It will beappreciated that the surface of the "cylindrical member constrained inthis way does in effect move parallel to itself. An apparatusconstructed on these modified lines is illustrated in Figs. 11, 12 and13. Here the movable member comprises a shaft C on which is disposed aseries of segmental plates C connected by bars C. The shaft C is mountedin bearings S in which it is capable of rotating and also movinglongitudinally. The periphery of each segmental plate C is a portion ofa cylinder and all the segmental plates C are truly parallel to eachother and are positioned on the'shaft C at right angles to the axis ofthat shaft. The connecting bars C are parallel to the axis of the shaftC and all situated at the same radial distance from the shaft C The rowof stops B is divided into three parallel rows in each of which arethree stops. The splitting up of the row of stops is purely for the sakeof convenience in construction as it is exactly equivalent to a singlerow of stops which however would have to be arranged so as to beprojected radially inward toward the center of the shaft C through theface of the plate G which would then in eifect have to be a portion of ahollow cylinder. The arrange ment of segmental plates C and bars C isagain for convenience of construction and is in effect equivalent to ahollow cylinder in the wall of which has been cut an angle similar tothe angle DEF in the movable member C as previously illustrated anddescribed. Such a single angle would coiiperate with a continuous row ofstops B but as this row of stops has been split up as shown the anglealso is split up the various constituent portions of the angle beingcomprised by the segmental plates C and the bars C.

On the movable member are mounted the tabulated products therelationship being as in the construction shown in Figs. 9 and 10, butin the construction shown in Fig. 11 the product members are formed withtheir measures of length or depth disposed radi ally about the shaft C.These product members 0 as will be seen from Fig. 11 and from Figs. 12and 13 where they are shown on an enlarged scale, are each composed of aplate notched to av radial extent corresponding to the value which eachprod-' uct member represents. The product members are in two groupscorresponding to the split product table shown in Fig. 8 and to the twogroups of pins in the construction shown in Fi posit-e end.

. stop B which has been set up,

suitable position with C and the bars C 9. The value of a positionedproduct mom or in each group is ascertained by a feeler pin P which canbe released and arranged to indicate the numerical value of the productvby mechanism such as that described in connection with the apparatusillustrated in Figs. 9 and 10.

The stops B are set up by the depression of keys K on levers L and thepositioning of the movable member, that is to say its rotation andlongitudinal movement, may be effected in various ways. Fig. 11illustrates by way of example one way of bringing about thispositioning. Mounted on and toward one end of the shaftC by means of afeather and keyway or some similar device is a toothed wheel T which bysome convenient means is held against axial movement but is free torotate with the shaft C while allowing the latter to slide axially withrelation thereto. Below or in some relation to the toothed wheel T andgearing therewith is .a second toothed wheel T conveniently of the samediameter as the wheel T. The toothed wheel T is mounted on a short shaftU carried in suitable bearings. On this shaft U is loosely mounted alever arm V the boss of which is connected to the shaft U by a coiledspring W which is of such strength or stiffness that normally movementof the lever V will cause the rotation of the shaft U but if resistanceis offered to the rotation of the shaft U the lever V can still be movedabout the shaft U as about a pivot without damage to the mechanism. Atone side of the lever V is mounted a cam V against the face of which ispressed the end of the shaft C by the action of a coiled spring Xconveniently disposed around the shaft C toward its op- It will be seenthat if the lever arm V is pulled toward the front of the machine theshaft C will be rotated. At the same time owing to the movement of thecam V the shaft C will be allowed to slide axially and thus the movablemember comprised by the shaft C the segmental plates will be positioned.

In operating the machine after a stop or pair of stops B have been setup, the lever V is pulled when the shaft C will be rotated until one orother of the bars C comes in contact with one of the stops that has beenset up. The shaft C will at the same time have moved axially bringingone or other of the segmental plates G in contact with the other stop Bthat has been set up. If abar C during the rotation of the shaft- Ccomes in contact with a stop B before a plate C has moved sufficientlyfar axially to come in contact with the other then owing to the mannerin which the lever V .is mounted on the shaft U it will still bepossible to continue moving the lever V and thus permit continued axialmovement of the shaft C until this axial movement is checked by thesecond stop which has been set up. Conversely if when positioning themovable member a segmental plate 0 meets and is checked in its axialmovement by a set up stop B before the rotary movement is checked, thisrotary movement can still be continued until the positioning of themovable member has been completed.

it will be apparent that as the shaft C is rotated and moved axiallyinto the position determined by the stop or stops that have been set up,so will the product members (1* be rotated and moved axially until thoseproduct members corresponding to the product determined have beenpositioned and presented to their respective feeler )ins P.

It is not necessary that the mova le member should always be constrainedto move parallel to itself provided that when the opening DEF comes incontact with the stops the parallel position is then assumed. It willthen be found that the form the base of a triangle the sides of whichare formed by the angular opening DEF and in all cases these triangleswill be similar to one another as they contain the same vertical angleDEF and the corresponding sides are parallel to one another.

It will be appreciated. that several multiplying devices or units suchas described may be combined in one machine with suitable mechanism forcollecting and adding the motions of the feelers so that the results maybe set forth in a convenient form. In

this manner complicated multiplication can be effected.

In applying the invention to certain other purposes the movable memberwith its guides is duplicated or two separate sets or pairs of guidesare suitably mounted on the member the angle incloscd by one pair ofguides being oppositely directed or disposed with relation to the angleinclosed by the other pair of guides. Positions may then be ascertainedby moving the member or members positively or negatively that is to sayin opposite directions. Thus with two pairs ofguides each adapted todeal with positions on one side of a diagonal which diagonal isrepresented for example by a row of ten stops it will be possible toascertain any one of a hundred positions of which halfwould be found bypositive move.-

ment of the movable member and the other half by negative movementthereof.

hat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates a:and the combination of a single row of stops, a member so controlledthat it can move parallel to itself, guides respectively parallel to thedirections a; and 2 mounted on the movable two stops B combination of asingle member and adapted to engage any one or pair of stops selectedfrom the single row, means for moving each stop mto the path oftheguides and means for imparting movement to the member as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates 00and 3 the combination of a single lOW of stops, a memher so controlledthat it can move parallel to itself, guides respectively parallel to thedirections at and y mounted on the movable member and adapted to engageany one or pair of stops selected from the single row, means for movingeach stop into the path of the guides, means for imparting movement tothe member and means for. indicating any position when determined as setforth.

3. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates xand y the row of stops, a movable member, means for moving this member,means for controlling such movement so that the member can only moveparallel to itself, guides respectively parallel to the directions asand y mounted on the movable member and adapted to engage any one orpair of stops selected from the single row, means for moving each stopinto the path of the guides, a tabulated series of values associatedwith the positions determinable and means for indicating the valueassociated With any position when determined as set forth.

t. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates xand y the combination of a single row of stops, a movable member, meansfor moving this mem ber, means for controlling such movement so that themember can only move parallel to itself, guides respectively parallel tothe directions a and 1 mounted on the movable member andadapted toengage any one or pair of stopsselected from the single roW, means formoving each stop into the path of the guides, a series of productmembers of various dimensions constituting a tabulated series of valueseach of which corresponds to the value associated with an ascertainableposition and means for feeling and indicating the dimensional value ofany product member as set forth.

5. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates mand y the combination of a single roW of stops, a movable member, meansfor moving this member, means for controlling such movement so that themember can only move parallel to itself, guides respectively parallel tothe directions a; and 3 mounted on the movable member and adapted toengage any one or pair of stops selected from the single row,

means for moving each stop into the path of the guides, a series ofproduct members of variousv dimensions constituting a tabulated seriesof values each of which corresponds to the value associated With anascertainable position, means for feeling the dimensional value of anyproduct member and means for translating a dimensional value Whenascertained by feeling into a numerical value as set forth.

6. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates mand y the combination of a single roW of stops, 0. movable member, meansfor moving this member, means for controlling such movement so that themember can only move parallel to itself, guides respectively parallel tothe directions a and l mounted on the movable member and adapted toengage any one or pair of stops selected from the single row, means formoving each stop into the path of the guides, a tabulated series ofvalues and-means for indicating the corresponding value When anyposition has been determined, one of these, that is the tabulated seriesof values or the indicating means, being fixed in definite relation tothe roW of stops While the other is movable as and synchronously Withthe movable member as set forth.

7 In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates 00and y the combination of a single row of stops, a movable member, meansfor moving this member, means for controlling suchmovement so that themember can only move parallel to itself, guides respectively parallel tothe directions 0: and g mounted on the movable member and adapted toengage any one or pair of stops selected from the single row,

means for moving each stop into the path of the guides, aseries ofproduct members of various dimensions constituting a tabulated series ofvalues each of which corresponds to the value associated with anascertainable position, and means for ascertaining and indicating thedimensional value of any product member, one of these two devices, thatis the series of product members or the ascertaining and indicatingmeans, being fixed in definite relation to the row of stops While theother is movable as and synchronously with the movable member as setforth.

8. In an apparatus for determining posi tions from their coordinates toand y the combination of a single row of stops, a movable member, meansfor moving this mem ber, means for controlling such movement so that themember can only move parallel to itself, guides respectively parallel tothe directions 00 and 7 mounted on the movable member and adapted toengage any one or pair of stops selected from the single row, means formoving each stop into the path of the guides, a series of productmembers of various dimensions constituting a tabulated a base plate i tothe stops and by means of which each stop can be moved into the path ofthe guides, a series of product members of various dimensionsconstituting a tabulated series of values each of which corresponds tothe value associated with an ascertainable position, means for feelingthe dimensional value of any product member, one of these two devicesthat is the series of product members or the feeling means, being fixedin definite relation to the row of stops while the other is movable asand synchronously with the movable member, means for translating adimensional value when ascertained by feeling into a numerical value,and means for returning the selected stops and for resetting in a zeroposition the movable mem her after it has been positioned as set forth.

15. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates wand y the combination of a single row of stops a base plate having holesforthe stops, a plate movable over the base plate, means for moving thisplate, means forcontrolling such movement so that the plate can onlymove parallel to itself, an angle cut in the movable plate the edges ofthe plate inclosing this angle constituting guides respectively parallelto the directions at and 3 and adapt ed to engage any one or pair ofstops selected from the single row and projecting from the base plate, aseries of keys operatively connected to the stops and by means of whicheach stop can be moved through the nto the path of the guides, a p meansfor inditabul'ated series of values,

eating the corresponding value when any position has been determined,one of these, that is the tabulated series of values or the indicatingmeans, being fixed in definite re lation to the row of stops While theother is movable ascand synchronously with the movable plate, and meansfor returning the selected stops and for resetting in a zero i positionthe movable plate after it has been positioned as set forth.

16. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates a:and g the combination of a single row of stops, a base plate havingholes for the stops, a plate movable over the base plate, means formoving this plate, means for controlling such movement so that the platecan only move parallel to itself, an anglecut in the movable plate theedges of the plate inclosing this angle constituting guides respectivelyparallel to the directions a and 3/ and adapted to engage any one orpair of stops selected from the single row and projecting from the baseplate, a series of keys operatively connected to the stops and by meansof which each stop can be moved through the base plate into the path ofthe guides, a series of product members of various dimensionsconstituting a tabulated series of values eachrof which corresponds tothe value associated with an ascertainable position, means for feelingthe dimensional value of any product member, one of these two devices,that is the series of product members or the eeling means, being fixedin definite relation to the row of stops while the other is movable asand synchronously withthe movable plate, means for translating adimensional value when ascertained by feeling into a numerical value,and means for returning the selected stops and for resetting in a zeroposition the movable plate after it has been positioned as set forth.

17. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates toand y the combination of a single row of stops, plate having holes forthe stops, a plate movable over the base plate, means for moving thisplate, means for controlling such movement so that the plate can onlymove parallel to itself, an angle cut in the movable plate the edges ofthe plate inclosing this angle constituting guides respectively parallelto the directions m and y and adapted to engage any one or pair of stopsselected from the single row and projecting from the base plate, aseries of keys operatively connected to the stops and by means of whicheach stop can be moved through the base plate into the path of theguides, a series of pins of various lengths grouped so as to constitutea tabulated series of prod ucts corresponding to the positionsdeterminable, means for ascertaining the dimensional 'value of any pinin the tabulated series, one of these, that is the groups of pins or themeans for ascertaining their value, being fixed in definite relation tothe row of stops While the other is movable as and synchronously wit-hthe movable plate, and means for returning the selected stops and forresetting in a zero position the movable plate after it has beenpositioned as set forth 18. In an apparatus for determining positionsfrom their coordinates x and 51 the combination of a single row ofstops, a base plate having holes for the stops, a plate movable over thebase plate, means for moving this plate, means for controlling suchmovement so that the plate can only move parallel to itself, an anglecut in the movable plate the edges of the plate inclosing this angleconstituting guides respectively parallel to the directions a: and g andadapted to engage any one or pair of stops selected from the single rowand projecting from the base plate, a series of keys operativelyconnected to the stops and by means of which each stop can be movedthroughthe base plate into the path of the guides, 'a series of pins ofvarious lengths grouped so as to constitute stops and a tabulated seriesof products the length of each pin correspondingto the value associatedwith an ascertainable position, a pin movable axially for feeling thelength of any product pin in a group, means for controlling theoperation'of a feeler pin, one of these two devices that is the groupsof product pins or the feeler pins, being fixed in definite relation tothe row of stops while the other is movable as and synchronously withthe movable plate, means operated by a feeler pin for translating thedimensional value of a product pin when ascertained by feeling into anumerical value, and means for returning the selected stops and forresetting in a zero position the movable plate after it has beenpositioned as set forth.

19. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates asand y the combination of a single row of stops, a movable member, meansfor moving this member, means for controlling such movement so that themember can only move parallel to'itself, guides respectively parallel tothe directions at and y mounted on the movable member and adapted toengage any one or pair of stops selected from the single row, a seriesof keys operatively connected to the stops and by means of which eachstop can be moved into the path of the guides, a tabulated series ofvalues mounted on the movable member, means for indicating thecorresponding value when any position has been determined such indicatedmeans being fixed in definite relation to the row ofthe selected stops,and means for returning for resetting in a zero position the movablemember after it has been posi tioned as set forth.

20. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates a:and y the combination of a single row of stops, a mov able member, meansfor moving this member, means for controlling such movement so that themember can only move parallel to itself, guides respective 1y parallelto the directions m and y mounted on the movable member and adapted toengage any one or pair of stops selected from the single row, a seriesof keys o'peratively connected to the stops and by means of which eachstop can be moved into the path of the guides, a series of productmembers of various dimensions constituting a tabulated series of valueseach of which corresponds to the value associated with an ascertainableposition such series of product members being mounted on the \movablemember, means for feeling the dimensional value of any product membersuch feeling means being fixed in definite relation to the row of stops,means for translating the dimensional value of a product member whenascertained by feeling into a numerical value, and means for refrom\thebase plate, a series of turning the selected stops and for resetting ina zero position the movable member after it has been positioned as setforth.

21. In an apparatus for determining positions from their cotirdinates a:and y the combination of a single row of stops, a base plate havingholes for the stops, a plate movable over the base plate, means formoving this plate, means for controlling such movement so that the platecan only move parallel to itself, an angle cut in the movable plate theedges of the plate inelosing this angle constituting guides respectivelyparallel to the directions a" and g and adapted to engage any one orpair of stops selected from the single row and projecting from the baseplate, a series of keys opera- .tively connected to the stops and bymeans of which each stop can be moved through the base plate into thepath of the guides, a series of product members of various dimensionsconstituting a tabulated series of values each of which corresponds tothe value associated with an ascertainable position such series ofproduct members being mounted on the movable plate, means for feelingthe dimensional value of any product member such feeling means beingcarried by the base plate in definite relation to'the row of stops,means for translating the dimensional value of a product member whenascertained by feeling into a numerical value,

'and means for returning the selected stops and for resetting in a zeroposition the movable plate after it has been positioned as set forth.

22. In an apparatus for determining positions from their coordinates wand y the combination of a single row of stops, a base plate havingholes for the stops, a plate movable over the base plate, means formoving this plate, means for controlling such movement so that the platecan only move arallel to itself, an angle cut in the movable plate theedges of the plate inclosing this angle constituting guides respectivelyparallel to the. directions as and y and adapted to engage any one orpair of stops selected from the single row and projecting keysoperatively connected to the stops and by means of which each stop canbe moved through the base plate into the path of the guides, a seriesof' pins of various lengths grouped so as to constitute a tabulatedseries of products the length of each pin corresponding to the valueassociated with an ascertainable position such series of pins beingmounted on the movable plate, a pin movable axially for feeling thelength of any product pin in a group such feeler pin being carried bythe base plate in definite relation to the row of stops, means forcontrolling the operation of each feeler pin, means operated by a .llO

feeler pin for translating the dimensional i value of a product pin whenascertained by feeling into a numerical value, and means for returningthe selected stops and for re- 5 settin in a zero position themovable-plate after 1t has been positioned the feeler pins and theindicating mechanism connected therewith as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of 10 two subscribing witnesses.

EDWVARD RUSSELL CLARKE.

Witnesses:

PERCY GEORGE GATTER, WALTER J. SKERTEN.

